Epiphytic macroinvertebrate communities on Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum) and native milfoils Myriophyllum sibericum and Myriophyllum alterniflorum in eastern North America
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چکیده
Aquatic macrophytes play an important role in the survival and proliferation of invertebrates in freshwater ecosystems. Epiphytic invertebrate communities may be altered through the replacement of native macrophytes by exotic macrophytes, even when the macrophytes are close relatives and have similar morphology. We sampled an invasive exotic macrophyte, Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum), and native milfoils Myriophyllum sibericum and Myriophyllum alterniflorum in four bodies of water in southern Quebec and upstate New York during the summer of 2005. Within each waterbody, we compared the abundance, diversity, and community composition of epiphytic macroinvertebrates on exotic and native Myriophyllum. In general, both M. sibericum and M. alterniflorum had higher invertebrate diversity and higher invertebrate biomass and supported more gastropods than the exotic M. spicatum. In late summer, invertebrate density tended to be higher on M. sibericum than on M. spicatum, but lower on M. alterniflorum than on M. spicatum. Our results demonstrate that M. spicatum supports macroinvertebrate communities that may differ from those on structurally similar native macrophytes, although these differences vary across sites and sampling dates. Thus, the replacement of native milfoils by M. spicatum may have indirect effects on aquatic food webs. Résumé : Les macrophytes aquatiques jouent un rôle important dans la survie et la prolifération des invertébrés dans les écosystèmes d’eau douce. Les communautés d’invertébrés épiphytes peuvent être modifiées par le remplacement des macrophytes indigènes par des marcophytes exotiques, même lorsque ces macrophytes sont de proches parents et possèdent une morphologie similaire. Nous avons échantillonné un macrophyte exotique envahissant, le myriophylle à épis (Myriophyllum spicatum), et des myriophylles indigènes (Myriophyllum sibericum et Myriophyllum alterniflorum) dans des plans d’eau du sud du Québec et du nord de l’état de New York durant l’été 2005. Dans chaque plan d’eau, nous avons comparé l’abondance, la diversité et la composition de la communauté de macroinvertébrés épiphytes sur les Myriophyllum exotique et indigènes. En général, tant M. sibericum que M. alterniflorum portent une plus grande diversité et une biomasse plus importante d’invertébrés ainsi qu’un plus grand nombre de gastéropodes que le M. spicatum exotique. En fin d’été, la densité des invertébrés tend à être plus importante sur M. sibericum que sur M. spicatum, mais plus faible sur M. alterniflorum que sur M. spicatum. Nos résultats démontrent que M. spicatum porte des communautés de macroinvertébrés qui peuvent différer de celles qui se retrouvent sur les macrophytes indigènes de structure similaire, bien que ces différences puissent varier d’un site à un autre et d’une date d’échantillonnage à l’autre. Ainsi, le remplacement des myriophylles indigènes par M. spicatum peut avoir des effets indirects sur les réseaux alimentaires aquatiques. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
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تاریخ انتشار 2009